Science
is the gate to infinity
We live on a
tiny planet in a vast sea of space that appears empty to the eye, but is in
reality a sea of plasma that is electrically charged and is constantly in motion
as the plasma sphere illustrates that was once manufactured as a toy. It becomes
aglow with dancing streams of flowing electrically charged particles. The same
happens in space with a lesser intensity, whereby the electric flow becomes
invisible. The flowing energy nevertheless powers the Universe, every galaxy and
star within it. Its ever-moving pattern determines our climate on Earth,
including the occurrence of the
Ice Ages, and also surrounds also our Earth with energy that we have yet to
learn to utilize.
Here science
becomes our gateway to that which the eye cannot see. We discover principles,
formulate theories, and then discover ways to prove our theories, even to the
point of developing technological applications based on our theories. The
discovery of the principle of a the wheel is an example of the process of
science, by which civilization became enabled. We have achieved great wonders on
this platform, but in real terms we have just begun.
a
montage, digitally stitched together from 38 photos
taken on the Marshall Islands in July 2009
by veteran eclipse hunter (c) Miloslav Druckmuller/Barcroft.
Sample of a series of stunning pictures available at above link
Science
enables us to see our universe more and more the way it is. And as our vision
expands we discover more and more of ourselves and of our power as intelligent
creators and producers and builders of worlds.
NASA soho image
With science
we can even look at the universe in how it appears when seen in different forms
of light, like the x-ray image above of the corona surrounding our sun.
An STM
image of a single-walled
carbon nanotube
With science
we can also look deep into the very small domain, at objects that are smaller
than light itself. With electron scanning microscopes we can now see the arrangements
of atoms in the example above.
Unfortunately
science is also abused to support politically motivated lies, such as the global
warming hoax and the biofuel
hoax, which are used to justify policies that are murdering an estimated 100
million people per year and reap rich profits for a few. Thus, perhaps the
greatest and most beneficial advances in science that we can look forwards will
likely be the development of Truth In Science, without which mankind remains in shekels,
and science with it to a large degree.
Energy
science
A huge
potential exists here that may some day be developed and utilized. The Universe
in its infinite space is made up to 99.999% of electrically 'charged' particles,
called plasma. When the particles are drawn to each other by gravitational force, they
generate a magnetic field. The field acts on them and causes them to move
perpendicular. Thus the currents begin to flow. The currents, in their flow, become magnetically
self-confined into filamentary channels that extend throughout the cosmos. They create and power the galaxies and every star within them.
Our sun, as a star,
and the Earth in close orbit around it, is afloat in a sea of electric energy.
Like the Sun attracts this energy with its gravity, whereby it is powered, the
Earth attracts this energy likewise, though to a lesser degree. NASA discovered
two band of electric plasma encircling the Earth near its equator, high up in the
ionosphere. The technology does not exist yet to tap into this boundless energy
resource. This is one arena where mankind's new frontier lies. Plasma channels (like
lightning) can theoretically be created with lasers or particle beams to enable
us to connect this infinite electric energy resource with the Earth. It is a resource
that becomes self-renewing while it is used. And this resource appears to be
immensely vast.
Evidence
suggests that the Grand Canyon in
Arizona, which lies in an area near one of the
plasma bands, was not carved out of the rock over millions of years of water
erosion, but was caused by an electric arc discharge of probably a short
duration during a period of high electric intensity. Evidence suggests that even
the sands of the gigantic Sahara dessert were electrically created by highly
charged meteorites entering the ionosphere where they began to disintegrate in
electric stress fracturing.
With
electric power available of this kind of magnitude, mankind's needs compare as
being rather minuscule, including all the needs we will ever have. And this
power, that is also powering the Sun is self-renewing. The more we draw from
it, the more it replenishes itself. With this kind of resource at out
fingertips, the technology will inevitably created to make it available to us.
This will happen in future ages or in our age. It is up to us to decide when.
But why should we wait for future ages to use a resource we are capable of
using right now? Why should we keep on fighting wars over oil, as the masters
of empire demand of us?
Electricity-storage
science
The storage of electricity for work applications, such as for
powering a car, is at the present best accomplished with chemical processes.
There are numerous problems associated with this chemical battery technology to
enable the introduction of the full electric car, not the least of which is the
long charge-up time that is required for a 'fill-up.' There are some promises on
the horizon from some breakthroughs in electricity storage. The technology is
centered on super-capacitors made with activated carbon that offers an
enormously large surface for electron storage.
Experiments with carbon nanotubes
promise a breakthrough here. The nanotubes consist of carbon atoms that become
naturally aligned into hexagonal arrays that form tube-like sheets. The
resulting tubes are typically 1/50,000th of the width of a human hair, which can
be produced up to 18 centimeters in length (as of 2010). They are the strongest
material kown (more than 300 times stronger than high carbon steel).
A paper battery has been designed that is a battery engineered to use a paper-thin sheet of cellulose
infused with aligned carbon nanotubes. The nanotubes act as electrodes; allowing the storage devices to conduct electricity. The battery, which functions as both a lithium-ion battery and a supercapacitor, can provide a long, steady power output comparable to a conventional battery, as well as a
supercapacitor’s quick burst of high energy.
Ultracapacitors have also been developed. Ultracapacitors, which
store drastically less energy than a battery but have essentially none of the
drawbacks. In any capacitor, there's no battery memory caused by partial
discharging and no reduction in capacity with each recharge. They never wear
out, they have no electrolyte, they don't have any chemistry taking place in
them. It's just an electric field that stores the energy. So you can recharge a
capacitor an unlimited amount of times. It's very efficient. The ions cling
electrostatically to materials in a capacitor, which also allows for much
quicker charge times.
The current ultracapacitors can store around 5 percent of the
energy of the current standard battery of equivalent-size. The addition of
carbon nanotubes could bring this up to 25 percent. And the ultracapacitor can
operate at a higher voltage with nanotubes, this advantage alone could double
the contained energy, so that a 25 to 50 percent of energy containment can be
achieved in comparison with standard batteries, and with possibly less weight.
At that point the ultracapacitors become a compelling option for the electric
car, and for countless other applications, promising a new portable-energy
revolution.
Energy-storage
science
Flywheel
energy storage (FES)
It
works by accelerating a rotor
(flywheel) to a very
high speed and maintaining the energy in the system as rotational
energy. When energy is extracted from the system, the flywheel's
rotational speed is reduced as a consequence of the principle of conservation
of energy; adding energy to the system correspondingly results in an
increase in the speed of the flywheel.
Most
FES systems use electricity to accelerate and decelerate the flywheel, but
devices that directly use mechanical energy are being developed.
Advanced
FES systems have rotors made of high strength carbon filaments, suspended
by magnetic
bearings, and spinning at speeds from 20,000 to over 50,000 rpm in a
vacuum enclosure.Such flywheels can come up to speed in a matter of
minutes — much quicker than some other forms of energy storage.
In the
1950s, flywheel-powered buses, known as gyrobuses,
were used in Yverdon,
Switzerland and
there is ongoing research to make flywheel systems that are smaller,
lighter, cheaper and have a greater capacity. It is hoped that flywheel
systems can replace conventional chemical batteries for mobile
applications, such as for electric vehicles. Proposed flywheel systems
would eliminate many of the disadvantages of existing battery power
systems, such as low capacity, long charge times, heavy weight and short
usable lifetimes.
Flywheels
are not as conversely affected by temperature changes, can operate at a
much wider temperature range, and are not subject to many of the common
failures of chemical rechargeable
batteries. Unlike lithium
ion polymer batteries which operate for a finite period of roughly 36
months, a flywheel can potentially have an indefinite working lifespan.
Advanced
flywheels, such as the 133 kW·h pack of the University
of Texas at Austin, can take a train from a standing start up to
cruising speed.
The Parry
People Mover is a railcar
which is powered by a flywheel. It was trialled on Sundays for 12 months
on the Stourbridge
Town Branch Line in the West
Midlands, England
during 2006 and 2007 and was intended to be introduced as a full service
by the train operator London
Midland in December 2008 once two units had been ordered. In January
2010, both units are in operation.
See:
Flywheel energy storage
Automobile
applications may not be far off. The system is limited by the strength of
materials. The current use of high strength carbon fibers limits the flywheel
speed by the tensile strength of the fibers, and the cost involved limits the
application of the flywheel system. The use of basalt fibers should negate the
cost factor. When it becomes possible to manufacture carbon nanotubes
efficiently, their immensely greater strength could boost the energy storage
capacity of the flywheel system a hundredfold.
Compressed
air energy storage
Energy
stored in compressed air to power is not a new invention. Cars can be powered with compressed
air stored in a tank at high pressure, typically 4500 psi .. Rather than driving
an engine's pistons with an ignited fuel-air mixture, compressed air cars use the expansion of compressed
air in a similar manner, like the expansion of steam in a steam engine. There have been prototype cars
operating since the 1920s. However, compressed air is also a relatively space-inefficient way of storing energy when compared to conventional gasoline. Air, at 4,500 psi, contains
only about 50 Wh of energy per liter, while gasoline contains about 9411 Wh per liter.
(See: Compressed Air
Cars)
For
short-distance (100 Km) and low-cost applications (the cost of a bicycle), the
compressed air vehicles will likely come into use where the energy content
relative to space is not a big issue. Such short range low cost cars will
likely become common place in the coming 'basalt age' when inexpensive
manufacturing of the components can be achieved in automated production, and
unlimited electric energy resources become available to replace petroleum for transportation
energy. The bulk of the present personal daily transportation requirements
falls within the short-distance category where the air car may serve society
well.
Science
develops the technologies, and the technologies produce the products
And the products will be made of basalt. Knowing that we
have a material that 10 stronger than steel and half the weight, the doesn't
corrode and is nearly as hard a diamonds, wouldn't one expect a vast array of
products becoming possible with the scientific development of the necessary
processes. Apart from manufacturing complete houses, it could replace steel in
many areas to produce products that no longer rust, like automobiles, ships,
train cars, where rust and corrosion is a currently a major problem. Basalt
could also find application in aircraft manufacturing and the production of
space vehicles.
Science
for new electric transmission systems
When space-drawn electric power comes on line and automobiles
and train transportation becomes electrified, large scale long distance power
transmission becomes a necessity. The development towards this end has already
begun with pioneering efforts in producing 'high temperature' super conducting
cables and the development of extremely high-voltage DC transmission lines in
the range of a few mega-volt. Science will continue to play a role in this
development.
Science for large-scale CO2 production.
Plant growth depends on CO2 in the air. The world's current
atmosphere is CO2 deficient. Greenhouse operators can achieve a 50% increase in
plant growth by simply doubling the CO2 concentration. Increasing it five fold
may well give us 250% increase. With the optimization of moisture, lighting,
CO2, nitrogen, and other nutrients, for the different food plants, a ten-fold
increase in product yield over current agriculture might become possible. If the
indoor facilities are stacked 30 stories high, a 300-fold food-production
increase per land area would thereby become possible, whereby outdoor farming
would become a thing of the past, enabling a smooth transition towards the next
Ice Age glaciation cycle that is already on the near horizon.
Science for long-distance global water development
Quality drinking water is increasingly becoming a rare
commodity as the natural aquifers are becoming depleted and the climate is becoming
dryer as we are entering the boundary zone towards increasing glaciation, long
distance water transport for drinkable water may become a requirement in the
not-so-distant future, possibly from under the ice of Greenland and
Antarctica. The development of a global network of thin-wall arteries made of
woven basalt and or Kelvar,
submerged into the oceans, for water transport in the oceans, will likely be
on the horizon in the near future. Global freshwater management will likely
soon become a highly beneficial science.
Floating-bridge science
The science for the elimination of wave motions on the oceans,
for the laying down of floating bridges across the oceans connecting the
continents will soon on the horizon for the rapid and efficient movements of
goods and people between the continents. Global economic development requires
the kind of mobility that direct railway connects across the oceans can enable,
with the bridges themselves serving as transportation channels to support floating
agriculture in patches across the tropical waters.
Food sciences - the new biology
A scientific breakthrough is needed to develop plant products
that enable us to create plant species that efficiently produce all the needed
amino acids that are necessary for human nutrition, especially those for which
we presently depend on animal proteins. We shouldn't need to grow animals so
that we can eat them, which is presently the most efficient means to meet our nutritional
requirements. Eliminating the need for animal proteins would go a long way
towards mankind feeding itself with a large population on the planet during
the coming Ice Age glaciation when much of the world's agriculture becomes
disabled.
Spacecraft sciences
To develop the moon as a space port, and Mars as a biological
laboratory for increased biological diversity in a more cosmic-ray dense
environment, and also for Mars to serve as an exploration base for reaching
into the outer solar system, more efficient space propulsion is required. A
shuttle to the moon may begin its journey not in the fire of might rockets,
but might begin on top of a magnetically levitated sled that takes on
the ground to speeds when a nuclear powered ram jet can take over and carry it
heights at which ion engines can operate. From the moon, electric propulsion
may take us Mars in a few days.
Plasma science for
the molecular separation of rocks
Just as the
chlorophyll molecule in plants acts as an electric engine that breaks the molecular bond of CO2, freeing up carbon for its use,
an oxygen for the air, other molecular bonds might also be broken in order to
get access to the metals that are tied up on molecular bonds. If plants can separate
molecules, why shouldn't we be able to do the same? If so, we would
furnish ourselves with a boundless source of all the metals and minerals we
would want. The science than can accomplish that would be one of the most
useful sciences we've ever developed, like the science for getting electricity
from space.
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